Oil recovery from wet Euglena gracilis by shaking with liquefied dimethyl ether

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/297890244_Oil_recovery_from_wet_Euglena_gracilis_by_shaking_with_liquefied_dimethyl_ether

Algal biomass gasification efficiencies

Suffice to say i have had cross contaminations of euglena species throughout all of my samples so far.

I suspect that is has somehow travelled through my single air/co2 pump system and into the isolated cultures.

At this point it would be easy to say that euglena is an enemy/parasite of my algaculture endeavors.

But sometimes it is necessary to take a step back and ask. IS IT AND ENEMY or is it just more prolific?

It would be easy to just state it us an enemy or parasite and 'attempt' to take additional measures to eliminate euglena from the samples. But that is MORE TIME AND MORE EXPENSE to try to eliminate a USEFULL SPECIES.

I have been doing extensive studies ans a myriad of thought experiments on how to keep euglena out of the samples. Unless on has a clean roon type of laboratory at hand and extensive protocols in place and of which can be continuously inplemented. ITNOS VERY EXPENSIVE.

However, on the other hand. After aeeing the success of my fathers development of a gasification of wood chips ( a different for of biomatter ) to produce hydrogen rich syngas capable of turning a 10,000 watt electric generator. I have been researching the feasibility of using dry algae for gasification syngas generation and have found that it is not only feasible but VERY Efficient.

This conclusion is that using natural PROLIFIC INVASIVE species of algae or euglena in an open pond /  raceway environment to WORK WITH NATURE to produce euglena/ algal biomass to more efficiently produce biomass for gasification instead of focusing on producing algae OIL for biodiesel production using unnatural, sterile an expensive laboratory environment is more efficient and more natural.

So my focus then ia to focus on producing as much algal biomass as possible and not focus so much on OIL for BIODIESEL production which, from my research,  is inefficient and in exorbitantly costly.

AND ALSO IN CREATING A SMALL SCALE ALGAE GASIFICATION SYNGAS GASIFIER.

Gasification of algae biomass

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092058611400409X

Intriguing article- Production of Biorenewable Hydrogen and Syngas via Algae Gasification: A Sensitivity Analysis

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610214033311

Enhancing Algal Growth by Stimulation with LED Lighting and Ultrasound

Enhancing Algal Growth by Stimulation with LED Lighting and Ultrasound

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnm/2015/531352/

Very cool Instructables on an algae photobioreactor called the BIOMONSTAAR

PRETTY COOL SETUP


http://www.instructables.com/id/Biomonstaaar/

THIS INSTRUCTABLE GOES INTO HOW TO CREATE THE SENSORS WITH ARDUINO.

http://www.instructables.com/id/Arduino-system-for-Biomonstaaar-bioreactor/

Three Dollar EC - PPM Meter [Arduino]

https://hackaday.io/project/7008-fly-wars-a-hackers-solution-to-world-hunger/log/24646-three-dollar-ec-ppm-meter-arduino

Interesting information on the vapor point of water under vacuum.

Waters boiling point in a vacuum

http://www.engineersedge.com/h2o_boil_pressure.htm

intresting 5 gallon water bottle - photobioreactor design

I happen to have one of these laying around and am thinking of creating a 5 gallon pbr to grow my euglena in???

Free pdf from http://off-grid-living.com/- http://off-grid-living.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Algae-Biofuels-sample2.pdf

will research this more..

More research on Euglena - can it be used for Biofuel production??

Since my Euglena seem to be super invasive across most of my samples ( most likely coming from the air supply tubing ) is it possible to grow euglena as a biofuel?

here is an informative  article on Encyclopedia Britannica - https://www.britannica.com/science/Euglena


Euglena are characterized by an elongated cell (15–500 micrometres [1 micrometre = 10−6 metre], or 0.0006–0.02 inch) with one nucleus, numerous chlorophyll-containing chloroplasts (cell organelles that are the site of photosynthesis), a contractile vacuole (organelle that regulates the cytoplasm), an eyespot, and one or two flagella. Certain species (e.g., E. rubra) appear red in sunlight because they contain a large amount of carotenoid pigments. Unlike plant cells, Euglena lack a rigid cellulose wall and have a flexible pellicle (envelope) that allows them to change shape. Though they are photosynthetic, most species can also feed heterotrophically (on other organisms) and absorb food directly through the cell surface via phagocytosis (in which the cell membrane entraps food particles in a vacuole for digestion). Food is often stored as a specialized complex carbohydrate known as paramylon, which enables the organisms to survive in low-light conditions. Euglena reproduce asexually by means of longitudinal cell division, in which they divide down their length, and several species produce dormant cysts that can withstand drying.

http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10811-013-9979-5

Euglenoids achieved a maximum lipid content of 24.6 % (w/w) with a biomass density of 1.24 g  L−1 (dry wt.).


The japanese company - apply named EUGLENA - states - 

Euglena's oil formation is suited for jet fuels

A jet engine uses kerosene, which is lighter than diesel but heavier than gasoline. The oil extracted and refined from euglena happens to be well suited to be refined in to kerosene compared to other algal oils.

High productivity and efficient land use

Since euglena uses special equipment for cultivation, it does not compete over farmland with food unlike biofuels derived from corn and sugarcane.
Productivity per acre is also significantly higher compared to many other feedstocks.
In our laboratory in Tokyo University, we have achieved 15 times higher productivity compared to palm oil.

Alternative fuel

Fossil fuels releases CO2 captured underground and releases it into the atmosphere, causing global warming.
On the other hand euglena absorbs CO2 from the atmosphere during production so there is a chance of reducing CO2 emission
if there are further technical developments.

http://biofuels-news.com/ has another article on euglena - DECEMBER 2, 2015 - Japanese Euglena to establish an algae-based jet fuel demo plant

Euglena, a Japanese microalgae developer and producer, has partnered with Japan’s largest airline ANA Holdings to develop an algae-based jet fuel.

A 3 billion yen (appr. €23m) demonstration plant, using technology from Chevron, is scheduled to come online in early 2018 with plans to 125,000 litres of renewable jet fuel.

Euglena hopes to be able to commercialise the fuel, derived from its namesake euglena algae, by 2020 and set up more facilities with output more than 400 times that of the demonstration plant.

The company also want to set up large-scale cultivation facilities outside of Japan.

The algae fuel, refined in the US from oil extracted from euglena, has a chemical makeup similar to the of jet kerosene.

‘We'll use the fuel from the demonstration plant on real flights, mixing it with standard oil-based fuel,’ says Kiyoshi Tonomoto, executive VP at ANA Holdings.

The International Civil Aviation Organisation aims to stabilise the aerospace industry’s CO₂emissions at 2020 levels.

Biofuels are attracting attention as a carbon-neutral option to help achieve this goal, since plants absorb carbon dioxide as they grow and release it when burned.

The biggest hurdle to commercializing the algae-derived fuel will be reducing the price, which is reportedly ten times higher than petroleum-derived kerosene.

To me it would seems that one would chose the most prolific species of algae, in my samples it is totally invasive and takes over all my samples, and use it instead of trying to control all of the environmental parameters to try too keep euglena out.

One just needs to research and find the correct parameters to make FAT EUGLENA??

Another article - The Potential in Your Euglena Pond - 

http://advancedbiofuelsusa.info/the-potential-in-your-euglena-pond/

(Algae Industry Magazine)  Scientists at the John Innes Centre, in Norwich, England, have discovered that Euglena gracilis, the single cell algae that inhabits most garden ponds, has a whole host of new, unclassified genes that can make new forms of carbohydrates and natural products.

Even with the latest technologies, sequencing the DNA in Euglena remains a complex and longwinded undertaking. Dr. Ellis O’Neill and Professor Rob Field from the John Innes Centre have therefore sequenced the transcriptome of Euglena gracilis, which provides information about all of the genes that the organism is actively using.

The team also found that different sets of genes become active when Euglena is grown in the dark to when it is grown in the light. This indicates that Euglena can dramatically shift its metabolism depending on its environment, which reflects its ability to live successfully in varied environments.


Euglena creates many well-known, valuable natural products including vitamins, essential amino acids and a sugar polymer, which is reported to have anti-HIV effects. Given the usefulness of the compounds we know about, these findings have the potential, with further research, to lead to the discovery of new medicines including new antibiotics, nutrients and new forms of biofuel, among other products.

Biofuel from Euglena

09 March 2010

JAPAN - Japanese oil company, Nippon Oil and Hitachi subsidiary Hitachi Plant Technologies have joined forces to develop jet fuel from a single celled pond and lake organism, Euglena.

The companies have acquired shared in Euglena Inc, which is developing systems to extract oil from the algae to produce fuel.

Euglena, meaning “beautiful eye”, is a single-celled algae that can be found in lakes, ponds, and even puddles. It was named after Leeuwenhoek, a microscope inventor in the 17th century, who incidentally found Euglena through the lens. Euglena has the characteristics of both animal and plant, where it moves around like an animal, and photosynthesises like a plant.

The joint venture has a culturing system in place that can be used to grow Euglena efficiently and the yield is better than crops such as corn and sugar cane usually used to produce biofuel, a report in Crunch Gear says.

The company is trying to lower the cost of production to 80 cents a litre to make biofuel production competitive.

The company says mass-producing Euglena-derived biofuel should be possible by 2015.

SC11192016 Stoners creek growth - 2 weeks - more euglena!!!

It took this sample a while to produce - EUGLENA!!! and a small amount of chlorella.

this sample not producing very well - especially since I believe my current air supply setup is contaminating my samples.

2ND FROM LEFT

FY11012016 Front Yard Algae Culture Upscale - results 12-03-2016

Almost completely all euglena!!! definately the dominate species here.

this sample is from the upscale done on 11/21/2016 - 12 days and ( what I am calling euglena )  has taken over completely!!

moody ramp ( runnoff of Dale hollow lake dam ) - filamentous algae and euglena and ameobic invasive patterns

The Moody Ramp sample taken 11-11-2016 - showing signs of euglena invasion and long chains of filamentous algae species     - also what appears to be amoebic activity

Euglena invading algae sample - Percy priest Lake sample - PPL11102016 video

Euglena invading sample - AGAIN. This seems to be across the board on all my samples - starting to suspect unfiltered air supply...

These videos show a continuation of an invasion of euglena??
This sample clearly shows euglena invasion and almost wiped out other species....

reference -
http://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/resources/identification/algae/identification-guide/identify/guide/unicellular/euglena

in this video you can clearly see the cells changing shape -

Chlorella mononculture!!! LCL11112016

After a couple of days of just letting the system set and grow I have significant grow in all samples.

On today's first sample microscopic inspection I decided to test the LCL11112016 sample taken from a local city lake and was surprised at what I found!!

Almost complete dominance of Chlorella type species with a few super fast swimming parasites feeding on the sample. Also saw several different stages of growth from full grown to dividing to colony structures.